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JOHN C. PFElL, OF AR'ENZVILLE, ILLINOIS.

'Lettere Patent No. 66,039, dated June 25, 1867. i

IMPROVEMENT IN GANG-PLOUGHS.

TO ALL WHOltI/I MAY OONCERN:

Be it known that I, JOHN C. PFI-:Imof Arenzville, in thc county of Cass, and State of Illinois, haveinvented certain new and useful improvements in Gang-Ploughs; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference beingr had to the accompanying drawings, making part oi' this specification, and to the letters of reference marked thereon, like letters indicating like parts wherever they occur.

To enable others'skillcd in the nrt to construct and use the invention, I will proceed to describe it.

Figure 1 is a top plan view.

Figure 2, a side elevation and Figure 3 is a view of a portion detached, and shown in section. l

l My invent-ieri consists in a'novel arrangcin'ent'of the parts for adjusting the ploughs, and in a novel method of constructing and attaching the bent axle:i

A represents annxle having a wheel at each end, as is usual in this class of ploughs. The plough-beams Band B are secured together, and have their front ends resting upon and projecting forward of the axle A, as

shown. Between these beams at their front end atonguc, C, is pivoted by a bolt, b, and directly in rear of this bolt a shaft, c, is secured to thc bes-m B', as shown in iig. 1. `The inner end of this shaft c projects over the tongue C, and has attached to ita curved or earn-shaped bar, e, theunder face of which rests upon the upper side of the tongue near its rear end. A lever or handle, a, is secured to the outer end of the shaft e and extends backward and upward to bring` it within reach of the driver mounted on the seat D. To the rear ond of the curved bar or segment e a chain, n', is attached, and passes down through a hole in the rear portion of the tongue, as shown in the drawings, a T-piecc beingattached to the lower end of the chainfas shown in g. 2, to prevent the chain from being drawn out of the hole when the lever a is thrown forward. It will thus be seen that by pressing the lever a backward, the cam c presses upon the rear end of the tongue, thereby. tending to elevate the rearends of thebeams and the ploughs attached thereto, by which means the depth of the ploughs in the ground may be regulated or varied at will. When it is desired to throw the ploughs clear of the ground, as in Vtravelling to and from the field, the lever a is pressed still farther back and caught in one of the notches on the rack al where it is held until released. By pressing the lever alforward until the chain pulls up on the rear end of the tongue, th'e ploughs are held in theground, while by leaving the lever loose, the tongue is left loose to play up and down like an rdin ary wagontongue In order to vary height of the axle A, so as to cause the ploughs to run more o r less deeply, and also to so adjust the wheels as to permit one to run in the furrow, whiletheother runs upon the unploughed ground, and still keep the axle A horizontal, so as to causo the two ploughs'to run level and of equal depth, I attach the wheels to 'the axle A bymeans of the bent axles E, This axle is made of'cast iron, its larger portion being cast in the form of a cap to t over the end of the wooden axle A, as shown in section in iig. 3. It is secured to A by'a screw-bolt, m,.which passes through a'hole made centrally in the end of the cap portion, as shown, and has the axle n for the wheel attached to an arm standing at right'angles to the axle proper. lA series of holes is made through the cap portion, as showri in fig. 1, and a single hole corresponding with these is also bored through the axle A, through which a. bolt, o, passes, as shown in iig. 3. By this means the bent axles are easily and cheaply fitted to the main axle A, and are readily adjusted thereon, as desired, the cap portion serving to protect the ends of the wooden axle and preventing it from splitting.

Having thusdcscribedrby improvement, what I claim, isi 1. The lever a having the came attached and arranged to operate, in combination with the ltongue C and beams B and B', as shown and described.

2. Constructing the crank-axles E with a tubular portion to iit on the end of the wooden axle A, as shown and described. l i l i 'JOHN C. PFEIL. Witnesses: 

